In the operation and management of modern power system, microcomputer protection device plays a vital role as an important part of smart grid. They are not only responsible for real-time monitoring of the operating status of power equipment, but also can act quickly when a fault occurs, isolate the fault area, and protect the stable operation of the entire system. The realization of this function depends largely on the efficient and accurate communication mechanism between the microcomputer protection device and the host computer or remote monitoring system.
1. Communication basis: preset protocol and parameter configuration
Communication is the bridge for information exchange between the microcomputer protection device and the host computer. Before the communication begins, both parties must configure based on the common communication protocol and parameters, which is the premise for ensuring accurate data transmission. These parameters include but are not limited to baud rate (determines the data transmission rate), data bits (indicates the number of valid data bits in each character), stop bits (used to identify the end of a character), and check methods (such as parity check, used to detect errors in data transmission). Correctly setting these parameters can effectively avoid data loss or bit errors during communication and ensure the reliability and stability of communication.
2. Connection establishment: Handshake process driven by protocol
After the parameter configuration is completed, the microcomputer protection device will start the connection establishment process according to the preset communication protocol. This process usually includes the establishment of physical connection (such as through RS-485, Ethernet and other interfaces) and logical connection (such as TCP/IP three-way handshake). For serial communication, the protection device may send a specific initialization command or frame. After the host computer receives it, it replies with confirmation information, and the two parties establish a communication link. In network communication, the connection establishment is completed through the TCP/IP protocol stack to ensure that the data transmission channel is unobstructed.
3. Data frame and message: carrier of information
Once the communication link is established, the microcomputer protection device starts to send data frames or messages to the host computer according to the protocol specification. These data frames or messages are carriers of information and contain various key information of the protection device, such as protection status (whether it is activated, action type), measurement data (current, voltage, power factor, etc.), event records (fault occurrence time, type, treatment measures), etc. In order to ensure the integrity and readability of the data, the data frame or message usually contains structural elements such as the start character, address field, data field, check code and end character. Through the carefully designed data format, the host computer can easily identify and parse this information.
4. Data parsing and processing: the key to remote monitoring
After the host computer receives the data frame or message from the microcomputer protection device, the first task is to parse the data. This process includes verifying the integrity of the data, extracting valid data, and decoding the data according to the protocol specification. After the parsing is completed, the host computer will process the data according to the business logic, such as updating the real-time data on the monitoring system interface, triggering the alarm mechanism, generating reports or performing fault analysis. Through these processing steps, the host computer can realize comprehensive remote monitoring and management of the power system, including status monitoring, fault diagnosis, load scheduling and other functions.
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